Xenophon biography
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Xenophon
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Xenophon (c.430-c.354): Athenian soldier and historian, author of the Anabasis and Hellenica. He is one of the best-known and most widely read of all Greek authors.
When Xenophon, the son of Gryllus, was still a young man, he was a student of Socrates and later, he took part in the campaign of the Persian prince Cyrus the Younger against his brother, king Artaxerxes II Mnemon, which failed in the battle of Cunaxa (401).
On his return from the east, Xenophon was in some trouble, because he had by now become a mercenary leader with a band of rather ill-disciplined followers. However, his meeting with the Spartan king Agesilaus II and their joint campaign in Anatolia changed his fortunes. On their return to Greece, the king gave Xenophon a country estate near Olympia, where he started a career as a writer.
Among his other works are a vie romancée of king Cyrus the Great, a Symposium, and a boo
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Xenophon
Xenophon, of Aegium
Xenophon (2), a Corinthian
Xenophon (3), Athenian sculptor
Xenophon (4), son of Grylus
Life
Xenophon, the son of Gryllus, was born at Athens during the early years of the Peloponnesian War into a family of knights; he died either in Athens or Corinth sometime after 355, making him about seventy-five at the time of his death. He may have been educated by the sophist Prodicus at Thebes, and in all likelihood established some type of connection with Socrates in the last decade of the fifth century. It also seems likely that he was knight under the rule of the Thirty Tyrants at Athens and may have even taken part in the battle of Munychia which brought an end to that regime. In 401 he accepted the invitation of his Theban guest-friend Proxenus to join the Greek mercenaries in the service of the Achaemenid prince Cyrus the Younger who was attempting to usurp the throne of Persia from his brother, Artaxerxes. Following the death of Cyrus at the ba•
Xenophon
Greek philosopher, historian, and soldier (c.430–355/354 BC)
For other uses, see Xenophon (disambiguation).
Not to be confused with Xenophanes.
Xenophon of Athens (; Ancient Greek: Ξενοφῶν;[a]c. 430 – probably 355 or 354 BC)[2][4] was a Greek military leader, philosopher, and historian. At the age of 30, he was elected as one of the leaders of the retreating Greek mercenaries, the Ten Thousand, who had been part of Cyrus the Younger's attempt to seize control of the Achaemenid Empire. As the military historian Theodore Ayrault Dodge wrote, "the centuries since have devised ingenting to surpass the genius of this warrior".[5] Xenophon established precedents for many logistical operations and was among the first to describe strategic flanking maneuvers and feints in combat.[citation needed]
For at least two millennia, it has been debated whether or not Xenophon was first and foremost a general, hi